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external 2 Real patent Number of the first page of a given DocumentSection external Title Using a 5cm NH2-column and heptanes decreased run times to 3min. Contains list of priorities (country code, publication number and date) of the patent 37235), Fast Blue Corinth B Base (Azoic Diazo Component 112, C.I. D.P. Possible values are: bibliography, abstract, description, claims, drawings, search-report, amendment 1983-07-25 Although not generally known as poisonous plants, some obscure references point towards the toxic properties of a few species and there is a tale of their use in meat as a hyaena bait (R.G. Use of 96 well plates made possible the extraction of 160 samples each day. For drugs analyses the major applications of TLC are concerned with the identification of cannabis and the screening of drug powders and tablets for their active constituents. B1 Contains list of inventors of the patent document external Marquis, Meyer's, Mecke, Ehrlich's, Fast Blue B, and Koppanyi. The main task of these tests is to select suspicious samples or materials for possible further examination with confirmatory methods. 2-Naphthylamine is known to be a human carcinogen based on sufficient proof of carcinogenicity in humans. external Hence the workers using harmful amines in the textile industry or dye manufacturing units are at high risk. Reagenzien, Teststze und Verfahren zum Nachweis der Kannabinoide Senior, Janet et al Several spray reagents can be used to detect ARs on TLC plates. While investigating the aloe exudate compounds by TLC, a zone staining yellow with Fast Blue B (0.5% aqueous solution) was noted in a few species. (2016) tested five different supported extraction techniques for the extraction of alkylresorcinols from plasma and they also improved a normal phase LC-MS/MS in order to lessen the sample analysis time. G01N 33/94 They validated this method and compared it with GC-MS. Text Plant of Aloe ruspoliana Baker, growing in Illaut, N. Kenya (photo: P. Brandham). 69316 The limit of quantification and detection for the three methods were significantly different. Thin layer chromatography (TLC) is a suitable method for screening different kinds of samples. Fig. The first consists of a silica gel plate sprayed with diethylamine immediately before use and a mobile phase of xylenehexanediethylamine (25:10:1 by vol). xapMM Contains list of representatives of the patent document xapMM Schema (=A. gillilandii Reynolds) (Dring et al., 1984). Later a hospital survey of poisoning by herbal remedies added another species, A. christianii Reynolds to the hazardous list (Nyazema, 1984). A similar heroin test Detect Now is supplied by Test Medical [emailprotected], Inc., and is marketed via the internet as a simple test for parents who want to check their children for drug use. This suggests the possibility of carrying out dosages by scanner densitometry. While investigating the aloe exudate compounds by TLC, a zone staining yellow with, Parry and Matambo, 1992; Parry and Wenyika, 1994, 3,3-dimethyl-4,4-diaminodiphenylmethane. In this method, preferential coupling of diazo dye. Devanand L. Luthria, K.M. It can be easily performed in routine tests, and several commercial sets are available on the market for cannabinoid testing [67]. Developing agents are all diazotisable amines or diamines or substituted anilines, toluidines, anisidines, azobenzenes or diphenylamines. Narcopouch (ODV Inc., Paris, ME, USA) is a battery of color tests for the detection of opiates, amphetamines, cocaine, barbiturates, cannabinoids, and lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) in street samples. %PDF-1.4 % - B140/date for a publication or B871/date for an international publication <> The rapid and sensitive gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS) technique can be used for quantification of alkyl resorcinol homologues C17:0, C19:0, C21:0, C23:0, and C25:0 in the human plasma. Country Code - XML ST36 element: Generally, this is not considered to be a harmful amine. The colorimetric method of detection and quantification is simple, reliable, and inexpensive. CorrectionCode These alkaloids have been found in a surprising range of plants. In no instance was the nature of the poisonous principle suspected. Maria John, in Journal of Functional Foods, 2015. A number of the tablets that are encountered during the examination of illicit drugs contain the same active ingredients as the drug powders described above. 196 0 obj A longer color permanence was observed when the chromogenic reactive was sprayed after the evaporation of surplus solvent, but before total volatilization. The majority of the active ingredients of drug powders that are encountered in forensic examinations are basic in nature and may therefore be examined using one of the general systems described in the article on Toxicological Analysis. Wieland, private communication). endobj Date endobj Reagents, test kits and methods for the detection of cannabinoids EP-0132313-B1-19910918 ACC 7 is also forbidden. DocId Text 195 0 obj StartPage endobj Korte et al. pages) Spiro, Baruch A suspected surface (e.g. Some HPLC methods have longer run times due to poor resolution between the unsaturated homologs and saturated side chains. In drugs cases the compounds of interest may be separated relatively easily from the few other materials present, such as excipients. They are being suggested to be used as selective biomarkers of wheat, rye, and whole-grain intake. Bag Text Recently, Sampietro, Jimenez, Belizn, Vattuone, and Cataln (2013) developed a micro method for the quantification of 5-n-alkylresorcinols in grain and grain products. uuid:ec1a2cf6-1dd1-11b2-0a00-841e42080100 The colorimetric method based on diazonium salt, Tluscik, Kozubek, and Mejbaum-Katzenellenbogen (1981), Sampietro, Jimenez, Belizn, Vattuone, and Cataln (2013), Hemlock alkaloids from Socrates to poison aloes, ) but none of these substances are toxic. used high-performance TLC (HPTLC) after a simple decarboxylation procedure to convert THCA into 9-THC by means of normal-phase HPTLC plates with an automated spotter and a densitometric and UV scanner. The Herosol (Mistral Detection Ltd., Jerusalem, Israel) field kit consists of a spray reagent and special test paper. claims document Later, -coniceine and coniine were again isolated from A. sabaea, together with a new compound N,N-dimethylconiine as a minor component (Blitzke et al., 2000). Patent Bibliographic Data Schema V. 1.0 Contains number and filing date of the international patent document DocumentSection Total number of pages Table 19.3. classification-ipcr/text, or B511, B512 - See WIPO ST8 for content structure description 69075 Adobe PDF Library 8.0 EP 0132313 By continuing you agree to the use of cookies. 2010-12-06T04:11:23+01:00 84304306 Identification of a drug may be required to ascertain the cause of a suspicious death, to determine the cause of impairment of function, for example, in a driving case, or determining the involvement of drugs as a contributory factor in a crime such as murder or rape. Bookmark DocumentStructure Applicant This test uses color reactions with several reagents, e.g. Many, however, do not, and in these circumstances the scope of the investigation needs to be widened to include the large number of other substances that may be legitimately prescribed but which are nevertheless subject to abuse in some way. Contains list of proprietors of the patent document - B220/date for an application or B861/date for an international application Kulawinek and Kozubek (2008) reported that the most general methods used for the determination of total AR content are based on spectrophotometry. 2010-12-06T04:11:23+01:00 G01N 31/22 - B320/date for a priority 2010-10-20T03:38:05+01:00 Narcopouch (ODV Inc., Paris, ME, USA) is a battery of color tests for the detection of opiates, amphetamines, cocaine, barbiturates, cannabinoids, and lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) in street samples. This method allows to quantify plasma alkylresorcinols in 100L of plasma at a rate of at least 160 samples each day without the need for large volumes of organic solvents (Ross et al., 2016). Samples in the range of 78750nmol were successfully analyzed. When analyzing the chromogenic reagent, Fast Blue BB was found to be superior to Fast Blue B [69]. Advances in HPLC that allow higher back pressure (>1000bar) and smaller particle size columns (<3m) provide better resolution of ARs. Correction Code - XML ST36 element: B151+B132EP - See WIPO ST50 for correction code definition "EP0132313"; "EP 0132313"; "G01N 33/94"; "G01N 31/22"; "C07C245/00"; "Reagents, test kits and methods for the detection of cannabinoids" endobj A more specific reagent is Fast blue B solution (a freshly prepared 1% solution of Fast blue B salt (diazotized o-dianisidine)), with which cannabidiol gives an orange color, cannabinol a violet color, and 9-tetrahydrocannabinol a red color. 2y.-;!KZ ^i"L0- @8(r;q7Ly&Qq4j|9 Inventor Reagents, test kits and methods for the detection of cannabinoids endobj EP-0132313-B1-19910918 Following the German ban in 1994, several other European community countries (EU member states) introduced similar regulations. Sample preparation with Hybrid SPE-supported extraction was found to be most effective for alkyl resorcinol extraction, with recoveries of 77%82% from 100L of plasma. endobj Initially the modification was due to the unavailability of the Fast Blue BF4 reagent that was replaced by Fast Blue B ZnCl2 salt that was commercially available. This last reagent is the most preferred and was shown to be the most sensitive for the visualization of ARs (Iliev et al., 2009). ARs are commonly analyzed by three different techniques, colorimetric, GCMS, and HPLC-MS. N')].uJr CAED was the most sensitive followed by FD and UV. Present methods require larger volumes of solvent like >10mL/sample and have relatively less daily sample throughput. Besides these fast bases there are other bases or their salts which are also harmful and should not be used; these include Fast Yellow GC Base (http://actrav.itcilo.org/actrav-english/telearn/osh/ic/95512.htm [accessed 16 February 2010]), Fast Red A1 salt (http://msds.chem.ox.ac.uk/FA/fast_red_A1_salt.html [accessed 16 February 2010]), Black K salt (http://msds.chem.ox.ac.uk/FA/fast_black_k_salt.html [accessed 16 February 2010]) and Fast Red violet diazonium salt (Woods and Ellis, 1994). Toluene or xylene were tested as mobile phases, based on their adequate low volatility and high hydrophobic properties for intense color development. A more specific reagent is, Cannabinoids: Extraction Methods, Analysis, and Physicochemical Characterization, Korte et al. This rapid method correlated well (R2=0.9944) with the commonly used Fast Blue B method and absorbance measurement of colored azo complex at 520nm. The whole procedure is performed in a plastic pouch by visual inspection. http://www.epo.org/patent-bibliographic-data/1.0/ 199 0 obj EP The major differences between cases involving illicit drugs and toxicological investigations are concerned with the presentation of the sample, the amount of sample present, and the presence of other materials that may complicate the analysis. Text This diamine is a known harmful amine. <>/PageMode/UseOutlines/Outlines 219 0 R/Metadata 194 0 R/Pages 191 0 R/OpenAction 200 0 R/StructTreeRoot 43 0 R/Type/Catalog/OutputIntents 195 0 R>> Since many of the components used in naphthol dyeing are known or suspected carcinogens, they should not be used. Reagents, test kits and methods for the detection of cannabinoids - European Patent Office - EP 0132313 B1 Number - B310 for a priority 6 Galand et al. Ross et al. Chromatographic separation using HPLC and GC with UV, fluorescence (FD), Coulombic array electrochemical detection (CAED), and MS detection methods has been used for the analysis of alkylresorcinols. <> IL Chattopadhyay, in Handbook of Textile and Industrial Dyeing, 2011. Copyright 2022 Elsevier B.V. or its licensors or contributors. 1991-09-18 We use cookies to help provide and enhance our service and tailor content and ads. Therefore, these tests may be used for the detection of drugs in sweat or saliva. List of banned aromatic amines according to the EU Directive 2002/61/EC. Preliminary testing in field conditions is mainly performed by law enforcement officers (police, prison, or customs officers). The within- and between-day precision values of total alkyl resorcinol content in a quality control sample, determined as the coefficients of variation, were on average 7% and 10%, respectively. 2-Naphthylamine is known to be a human carcinogen based on sufficient proof of carcinogenicity in humans. InstanceID Property According to EU Directive 2002/61/EC twenty-two amines are banned (Table 19.3). application/pdf InstanceID http://www.epo.org/patent-bibliographic-data/1.0/ 37255), http://ns.ist.cmu.ac.th/riseat/documents/a_dyes.pdf, http://actrav.itcilo.org/actrav-english/telearn/osh/ic/95512.htm, http://msds.chem.ox.ac.uk/FA/fast_red_A1_salt.html, http://msds.chem.ox.ac.uk/FA/fast_black_k_salt.html, ARs are commonly analyzed by three different techniques, colorimetric, GCMS, and HPLC-MS. Number of pages of a given DocumentSection 1983-06-27 However, GC methods provide comparatively better resolution and are commonly used for the analysis of alkylresorcinols. Contains an ordered list of bookmark-related data (name, number of the first page, number of During selection of an ACC and azoic diazo component care should be taken and it is advisable to consult Safety Data Sheets for the materials. 37270), Fast Blue BB Base (Azoic Diazo Component 20, C.I. Ractifs, trousses de ractifs et mthodes pour la dtection des cannabinoides The methodology for this type of analysis is, again, covered in the article on TLC in analytical toxicology. endstream patent document Two TLC systems are in use for cannabis investigations. 3). Seq Bookmark The powders deposit on the body and also enter the body through inhalation. EP0132313 Gas chromatography (GC) is often used for the quantitative determination of ARs because it allows rapid analysis with good separation of AR homologues (Ross et al., 2011). Text The detection limit for opiates is 25ng of morphine equivalent. external Table 1. 191 0 obj In this case a general screen for acidic and neutral drugs, as described in the article on TLC in analytical toxicology, would be carried out. (2012) developed a HPLC method for the separation of alkylresorcinols from 15 cereal grains and 90 cereal products and compared the performance of three different detectors (UV, FD, and CAED). Many of these chemicals are under eco-pressure (Chattopadhyay and Kumar, 2001). Since the number of individual drugs encountered in these types of investigation is relatively small, a better indication of the drug involved may be obtained by use of a more specific location reagent, such as Marquis reagent (a mixture of formaldehyde solution (1ml) with sulfuric acid (9ml)) for alkaloids related to morphine, and/or running control substances on the same plate as the unknown sample. In these cases harmful effects were due to misidentification of the plants, so that an uncommon poisonous species was mistaken for a more usual one, used previously with beneficial results. patent document No analytical procedure is currently available for 4-aminoazobenzene. Application G01N 33/94 Provides a structure for document identification related data TotalNumberOfPages 43 0 obj In forensic science, drugs are encountered in two specific sets of circumstances, each of which requires quite different investigative procedures. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (GCMS), Analysis of other phenolics (capsaicin, gingerol, and alkylresorcinols), Recent Advances in Natural Products Analysis, ). EREZ FORENSIC TECHNOLOGY LTD. They were able to separate the compounds by using silica gel TLC plates, dimethylformamide/cyclohexane as an eluent, and Fast Blue B salt as a revealing reagent [68]. Thus, they may serve as a complement/alternative to commonly used methods of dietary assessment in epidemiological studies. The results obtained from these methods are usually calculated from appropriate calibration curves prepared on the basis of weight concentrations of a standard AR analog and are expressed in mg/g dry matter (DM) (Tucik et al., 1981). However, the pigment on reduction will produce 2,4-diaminoanisole (4-methoxy-m-phenylene diamine), since both the azo and nitro groups of the pigment are reduced to amino groups. TLC may be used for samples, such as stomach contents and urine, that contain the greatest amount of drugs and their metabolites, but the levels found in blood are usually low and preclude the use of TLC. Publication or Application or Priority Date - XML ST36 element: 37225), Fast Dark Blue R (Azoic Diazo Component 113, C.I. external This new method had a limit of detection (1.11.8nmol/L) and limit of quantification (3.56.1nmol/L) in plasma for the different alkyl resorcinol homologues. skin) is wiped with the paper, which is then sprayed with Herosol. Bag Text Plasma alkyl resorcinols are being analyzed more often in cohort studies in order to improve estimates about whole-grain consumption and the relationship with incidence of various diseases. Contains abstract or an ordered list of abstracts of the patent document - XML ST36 element: Landberg, Aman, and Kamal Eldin (2009) used an OasisMax solid phase extraction cartridge for sample cleanup to develop a rapid GCMS method for the quantification of alkyl resorcinols in human plasma. This was followed by more observations on the toxic nature of these species (Parry and Matambo, 1992; Parry and Wenyika, 1994). 37155) and Fast Violet B Base (Azoic Diazo Component 41, C.I. The testing devices are simple and robust, and usually based on well-known color reactions. Date InternationalApplication Priority The micro-colorimetric method has been reported for quantitative determination of ARs in plant material (Tucik et al., 1981). luggage, passports, currency, and also on the skin or the tongue. NumberOfPages In drugs cases the compound(s) of interest may usually be defined readily; toxicology cases may be complicated by the presence of the many naturally occurring compounds in the body and the presence of drug metabolites, which in some cases are found to the total exclusion of the parent drug. Bag Text This test uses color reactions with several reagents, e.g. Workers engaged in diazotisation of these amines are exposed to the flying dust of these carcinogenic chemicals. They carried out method validation by determining the limits of quantification and detection (LOQ and LOD), the linear dynamic range, and the repeatability. <>stream en In our lab, they turn a red color with vanillin-HCl reagent, bright-red color with p-anisaldehyde-sulfuric acid reagent, and pink to deep crimson with Fast Blue B ZnCl2 salt. In the second set of circumstances the toxicological investigation drugs are encountered after ingestion by an individual. Many eluent mixtures have been tested according to the reports in the literature, for example, isooctaneethyl acetateacetic acid (30:10:1, v/v/v) [70]; petroleum etherdiethyl ether (90:10) [71]; acetonemethylene chloridediisopropyl etherhexane (1:1:3:20,v/v/v/v) [72]; toluenechloroformmethanol (100:10:1,v/v/v) [73]; hexanedioxane (90:10, v/v) with double migration [74]; and hexanediethyl ether (80:20, v/v) [75]. - B190 for a publication or B871/ctry for an international publication external They were able to separate the compounds by using silica gel TLC plates, dimethylformamide/cyclohexane as an eluent, and, Handbook of Textile and Industrial Dyeing. 1984-06-26 DocId Many Aloe species are intensely bitter due to the presence of anthrone-C-glycosides, notably barbaloin, which give them their purgative properties and many other phenolic compounds have been noted throughout the genus (Reynolds, 1985, 2004) but none of these substances are toxic. In this method, preferential coupling of diazo dye Fast Blue B BF4 to alkylresorcinol particles having both free hydroxyl groups attached to the aromatic ring in the meta-position yields reddish-violet products with a maximum absorption at 520nm. The accuracy of this methodology makes it attractive for fingerprinting Cannabis since a better separation is achieved than by using traditional TLC for the main neutral cannabinoids [77]. 15 Infusions of three Aloe species, A. chabaudii Schnl., A. globuligemma Pole Evans and A. ortholopha Christian & Milne-Redh., which had been drunk as a herbal medicine caused deaths in rural Africa (Drummond et al., 1975). R.E. AMD showed higher resolution exhibiting neither diffusion nor spot stretching. KindCode HyTSwoc [5laQIBHADED2mtFOE.c}088GNg9w '0 Jb The average total alkylresorcinol recovery was 9212% and it was within the reported range. Amines 5 and 6 are analysed indirectly via reduction to the amines 18 and 19, respectively. The colors obtained with the Fast blue B reagent may be intensified by overspraying with sodium hydroxide or by exposing the plate to ammonia fumes. The first, the drugs investigation, is that in which the possession, illicit manufacture, and/or distribution of drugs of abuse, such as cannabis, heroin, amphetamine, and LSD, are involved. The colorimetric method based on diazonium salt Fast Blue B BF4 developed by Tluscik, Kozubek, and Mejbaum-Katzenellenbogen (1981) has been modified several times. Visualization is carried out using a general reagent, such as acidified iodoplatinate solution (hydrochloric acid (5ml) added to a solution of platinum(IV) chloride (0.25g) and potassium iodide (5g) made up to 100ml), which, for example, gives violet colorations with amines. Although only a small number of species out of the c 400 known from Africa and Arabia are poisonous, this emphasizes the need for accurate taxonomy when using wild-derived plants medicinally. Text DocId Ross etal. The most remarkable discovery of coniine alkaloids was made in aloes (Fig. This technique works by using Oasis MAX solid phase extraction cartridges for the cleanup of sample. C07C245/00 194 0 obj URI 37230), Fast Orange R Base (Azoic Diazo Component 7, C.I. Peterson et al. In toxicological cases the compounds of interest are invariably part of a complex biological matrix, such as urine, blood, or tissue, and often bound to proteins from which they must be released before analysis. Cristina Lujan Ramirez, Maria Sandra Churio, in Studies in Natural Products Chemistry, 2019. external Contains title or an alternative list of titles of the patent document - XML ST36 element: B541 abstract/@lang and abstract/p - first abstract in the ordered list depends on the value of the attribute @lang in the element ep-patent-document The reductive enzymes present in the body such as NaDPH-cytochrome reductase and cytochrome-450 can reduce the azo and amino groups. 1.4 "F$H:R!zFQd?r9\A&GrQhE]a4zBgE#H *B=0HIpp0MxJ$D1D, VKYdE"EI2EBGt4MzNr!YK ?%_&#(0J:EAiQ(()WT6U@P+!~mDe!hh/']B/?a0nhF!X8kc&5S6lIa2cKMA!E#dV(kel }}Cq9 Jouve S.A., EPO - Publication - KB, TaggedPDF v1.27 219 0 obj Alkyl-saturated AR homologs also can be separated on Silica Gel Si60 RP-18 plates developed with methanol: water (95:5, v/v) (Rejman and Kozubek, 2004). n3kGz=[==B0FX'+tG,}/Hh8mW2p[AiAN#8$X?AKHI{!7, Reagents, test kits and methods for the detection of cannabinoids, Reagents, test kits and methods for the detection of cannabinoids - European Patent Office - EP 0132313 B1, Reagenzien, Teststze und Verfahren zum Nachweis der Kannabinoide, Ractifs, trousses de ractifs et mthodes pour la dtection des cannabinoides. uuid:99b8c185-1dd1-11b2-0a00-884f8c093600 The colorimetric method of detection and quantification is simple, reliable, and inexpensive. external Bag Text Bag DocId European Patent Office (1990) published the dermatological effect of Naphthol AS (ACC 2). Fast Blue B and RR dissolved more slowly in water and imparted a yellow background to the plate. The separation of cannabinoids 9-THC, CBN, and CBD is far from an easy task due to their structural similarities. These plants from Africa and Arabia do not generally contain poisons, although a rat-like odour was recorded for Aloe ballyi Reynolds (Reynolds, 1966).